Basim S. Ahmed Al-Sulivany, Ghorbat S. Ali ,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (12-2023)
Abstract
Background: Epithelial ovarian carcinomas represent a diverse category of neoplasms, including clear cell, endometrioid, serous, and mucinous subtypes. Often diagnosed at advanced stages, these carcinomas exhibit distinct biological characteristics and varying responses to treatment. Histologic diagnosis of these subtypes can be challenging due to overlapping morphological features.
Methods: This review synthesizes current literature on the use of specific markers for the detection and differentiation of epithelial ovarian cancer subtypes. The focus is on insights gained from histological and histopathological analyses.
Results: The review highlights the importance of antigen-antibody reaction-based techniques in identifying epithelial ovarian carcinomas. Key markers, including SATB2, CK67, HNF1B, PAX8, P53, P16, ER, and PR, play crucial roles in tumor detection, differential diagnosis, and understanding pathogenesis. These markers form a panel for the effective diagnosis and characterization of epithelial ovarian cancer.
Conclusion: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) significantly enhances the histological diagnosis of gynecological diseases. The molecular revolution has improved the understanding of gynecological cancers, with immunohistochemistry techniques advancing the identification and characterization of epithelial ovarian carcinomas. This progress includes insights into tumor aggressiveness and the potential efficacy of targeted therapies.
