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The case report: The coexistence of physiological changes during pregnancy and infection can sometimes create challenges in the management of these patients. In this report, a term pregnant woman with COVID-19 infection was admitted to the ICU and underwent cesarean section (C-section) under intrathecal anesthesia according to the patient's condition. Severe respiratory distress occurred to the patient on the first day after (C-section), and the patient's pulmonary parameters were measured with a non-invasive ventilation monitor. It gradually improved during the four days after the C-section.  The C-section reduced the lung performance for 24 hours in a patient with COVID-19 infection, but eventually the lung symptoms improved.

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Background: Since the emergence of the pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) through severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in late 2019, we still have little knowledge about the mechanisms of pathogenesis of COVID-19. Surprisingly, early studies reported that men are more susceptible to COVID-19 compared to women. These findings raise the question of whether COVID-19 infection can negatively affect male fertility. Since angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) receptor, known as the entrance rout of virus into human cells abundantly on testicular cells, it is hypothesized that the virus can also have devastating effects male fertility.
Methods: The present study was conducted a narrative review of the literature on male infertility and COVID-19. We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Google scholar for papers. Full-text journal articles between the years 2019 and 2020 were reviewed for relevant articles.
Results: There is emerging finding, which provides support for the susceptibility of male reproduction health to COVID-19 infection. In the current review article, we documented an overview of male reproductive function manifestations and the possible male infertility mechanisms of COVID-19 infection. Certainly, clarifying the mechanism of these findings will lead to the timely management and treatment of infected patients.
Conclusion: This review suggests that male counseling about their fertility and the evaluation of their reproductive system function should be performed. 

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Background: Prevention and control of coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in pregnant women has become a major concern. The study was conducted to explain the Iranian pregnant women's experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: This qualitative study was conducted with conventional content analysis. The pregnant women were selected through purposive sampling from six urban health centers until data saturation. Semi structured interviews were conducted through telephone with the interview guide. Systematic thematic analysis was used to identify and organize themes into clusters and categories across interviews.
Results: Twelve pregnant women were recruited. Three theme categories were extracted from data analysis; "unpleasant feelings during pregnancy", "adjusted lifestyle" and “safe pregnancy care”. The pregnant women, while paying attention to the importance of pregnancy care, were forced to limit, delay or modify some cares in order to be safe.
Conclusion: The pregnant women experienced unpleasant feelings in this crisis; therefore, they should receive the necessary consultation to maintain mental health. The pregnant women reported some changes in their lifestyles and pregnancy care in order to prevent the disease. Regular training for all pregnant women is necessary to manage pregnancy period while maintaining the maternal and fetal health in crisis.

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Background: Pregnant women have supposedly been among the most vulnerable groups since the onset of COVID-19 crisis. Some of the complications of COVID-19 are expected to be more severe in pregnant women, which could be attributed to physiological changes occurring during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical as well as laboratory characteristics of pregnant women with COVID-19 infection.
Methods: In this retrospective study, the medical records of all pregnant women with COVID-19, who were admitted in a tertiary hospital in Iran over the period between March and November 2020, were meticulously reviewed. The clinical and laboratory characteristics of 42 pregnant women with RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 infection were assessed. Statistical analyses were performed on Stata 16.0. All statistical tests were two-tailed at the significance level of P < 0.05.
Results: At the time of the study, 42 pregnant women had the symptoms of COVID-19 and were hospitalized. The most common clinical signs of COVID-19 were: fever (69.0%), fatigue (31.0%), dyspnea (28.6%), and pharyngalgia (23.8%). In addition, the most common laboratory symptoms were: an increase in C-reactive protein (CRP) (69.0%), leukocytosis (66.7%), and lymphocytopenia (66.7%). Ground glass opacity (GGO) was a common (83.3%) finding in long computed tomography (CT scan).
Conclusion: The finding of this study indicated that most common clinical symptoms and laboratory parameters in pregnant women with COVID-19 were similar to those of non-pregnant women with COVID-19 infection as reported by other researchers.

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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has wrought significant repercussions on lives worldwide. Pregnancy, a period marked by profound physiological changes, renders women susceptible to fluctuations in various biological parameters. The study aimed to fill this void by examining the levels of inflammatory markers, as well as liver and renal function tests, in pregnant women suffering from COVID-19.
Methods: This study was conducted to investigate inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), white blood cell (WBC), as well as liver function tests (LFT) and renal function tests (RFT) in pregnant women afflicted with COVID-19. We enrolled 52 COVID-19-positive women (cases) alongside 48 COVID-negative women (controls) who underwent delivery at Dr. D. Y. Patil Hospital and Research Institute in Kolhapur, India. All participants underwent COVID-19 testing via reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) methodology.
Results: The findings revealed that a majority of cases exhibited elevated WBC counts compared to controls (78.8% versus 27.1%), with D-dimer levels higher in 61.5% of cases versus 12.5% of controls. LFT and RFT abnormalities were observed in 51.9% of cases versus 20.8% of controls. Moreover, LDH and CRP levels were elevated in 71.2% and 90.4% of cases, respectively, in contrast to 16.7% and 10.4% of controls, respectively. Statistical analysis underscored a significant association between deranged laboratory parameters and COVID-19 positivity.
Conclusion: The study underscores the potential exacerbation of inflammatory responses to COVID-19 among pregnant women with preexisting chronic conditions, which may precipitate liver damage. Thus, prioritizing inflammation and liver health management in the treatment regimen for pregnant women with COVID-19, especially those with chronic comorbidities, emerges as imperative.

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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has posed global challenges, prompting strict measures to curb transmission. Yet, it's also sparked a surge in global domestic violence cases, worsened by lifestyle changes and confinement.
Methods: This paper synthesizes empirical evidence from various countries to examine the correlation between the COVID-19 pandemic and the escalation of domestic violence. It explores the impact of home-stay regulations on increasing instances of intimate partner violence and analyzes the implications for public health and legal systems.
Results: Studies indicate a significant rise in domestic violence cases during the pandemic, with notable increases reported in China, the United States, France, Argentina, Cyprus, Singapore, and Australia. The incidence of emotional, sexual, and physical violence against women has particularly surged, underscoring the urgent need for intervention.
Conclusion: Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic has serious social, psychological, and economic impacts. Addressing it demands a holistic approach: raising awareness, legal measures, support services, family education, cultural promotion, and moral adherence. Collaboration among governments, civil society, and communities is vital for a safer, inclusive society.