fa Obstetrics and Gynecology Obstetrics and Gynecology گزارش مورد Case Report <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:13.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Background: </span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is characterized by abnormal placental adherence or invasion into the uterine wall and is usually associated with previous cesarean delivery. Postpartum fever is a rare presentation and may mimic infection or retained products of conception. We report a rare case of placenta increta presenting with persistent postpartum fever after vaginal delivery.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br /> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:13.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Case Presentation: </span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">A 37-year-old woman presented six days after spontaneous vaginal delivery at 36 weeks with persistent fever. Delivery had been complicated by premature rupture of membranes and significant postpartum hemorrhage, followed by suction curettage for suspected retained placental tissue. She subsequently developed recurrent fever and persistent abnormal intrauterine findings on ultrasonography. On admission, she had uterine tenderness, leukocytosis, and markedly elevated inflammatory markers. Despite broad-spectrum antibiotics, repeat ultrasonography suggested retained products of conception. A second curettage failed to completely remove the tissue. Color Doppler ultrasonography demonstrated bridging vessels and retroplacental lacunae with turbulent flow, suggesting placental invasion. Bilateral uterine artery embolization was performed, and histopathology confirmed chorionic villi invading the myometrium, consistent with placenta increta. Her clinical condition subsequently improved.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br /> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:13.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conclusion: </span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">PAS should be considered when presumed retained placental tissue cannot be completely removed, particularly in the presence of abnormal Doppler vascularity, even after vaginal delivery without a previous cesarean section. Early recognition may prevent repeated invasive procedures and serious maternal complications.</span></span></span></span></span></span></div> Fever, Placenta increta, Postpartum 43 47 http://caspjrm.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-12-166-4&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Shabnam Mehdinia 10031947532846002700 10031947532846002700 No Mina Galeshi 10031947532846002701 10031947532846002701 No Zeinab Mohseni Afshar 10031947532846002702 10031947532846002702 No Soheila Abbaszadeh dr.abbaszadeh@gmail.com 10031947532846002703 0009-0002-7697-607X Yes Clinical Research Development Unite of Rouhani Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran